Early Saturday morning, US military forces captured Venezuelan president Nicolás Maduro and his wife Cilia Flores. According to US official sources, both will be held pending legal proceedings in the US. [Ed.: Nicolás Maduro Moros (born 23 November 1962) is a Venezuelan politician and former union leader who served as the president of Venezuela from 2013 until his de facto removal from power by the US in January 2026, following his capture and extraction from the country. He served as the vice president of Venezuela under President Hugo Chávez from 2012 to 2013, and minister of foreign affairs from 2006 to 2012.]
The following comment is published here with the permission of Franklin Templeton.
The situation is uncertain and will likely remain fluid. Nevertheless, some initial implications for markets and investors are worth highlighting.
First, US intervention is not unprecedented. The US has a long history of intervening in the Western Hemisphere. The US first formally declared its hegemonic interests in the region via the Monroe Doctrine of 1823. It would therefore be incorrect, in our view, to consider today’s action as a fundamental change in US foreign policy, or to suggest that similar steps might be contemplated in the Middle East or elsewhere.
Second, defence investment becomes more important. The Trump Administration has reinforced the perception that the US is willing to act unilaterally and to use force. Other countries, with territorial interests elsewhere, could be emboldened by the US use of power. This action will also likely add to the uncertainty of the dollar’s role as the “safe heaven” while raising further questions about deterioration of international institutional pillars. Today’s US military action is therefore likely to reinforce the trend, well underway, for various countries worldwide to invest more in their national security. That has been one of our key investment themes since the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Third, limited short-term oil supply impact: given the uncertainties about how Venezuela will be governed and given the checkered US history of ‘regime change’ in petro-countries (e.g., Iraq or Libya), oil markets are unlikely to anticipate a rapid increase in crude oil supply from Venezuela. Venezuela has the world’s largest reserves of crude oil (over 300 billion barrels), but the poor state of its ageing oil extraction and transportation infrastructure, coupled with the low quality of its heavy crude, suggest that even the arrival of political stability will not quickly increase its crude oil output or exports (presently around 1 million barrels per day or roughly 1 percent of world output). Another factor to keep in mind is that most of Venezuela’s oil is exported to China.
Fourth, potential long-term oil market impact stronger: longer-term stability in Venezuela, coupled with a potential peace deal in Ukraine, could release more than 5 million barrels per day of oil onto global crude markets by the end of this decade. If so, that would amount to about 5 percent or more of global crude output, enough to keep oil prices depressed for longer, which would be a clear positive for global growth and a restraint on inflation.
In sum, today’s US military action is not unprecedented, nor is it likely to reflect a fundamental shift in US foreign policy. Alone, it cannot unlock Venezuela’s massive crude oil reserves. For that, durable political stability is necessary. Accordingly, the initial reaction to today’s military action across equity, fixed income and commodity markets is apt to be small. But the use of force will reinforce the view in many countries of the need to boost spending on national security. Finally, and over the longer run, a more stable, productive and prosperous Venezuela will have the potential to offer the world significant supplies of oil. That would be significant for global growth, but it will take political stability and considerable investment to unlock that potential. Getting rid of the corrupt Venezuelan government may be good but as Colin Powell once said: “If you break it, you own it”.